资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
李家超:香港经济未来可期******
中新社香港1月11日电 香港特区行政长官李家超11日在港表示,新的一年外部投资环境充满不确定性,香港短期经济前景仍存在挑战,但特区政府会保持进取,香港经济未来可期。
当日,由香港特区政府及香港贸易发展局合办的第十六届亚洲金融论坛在香港会议展览中心举办,李家超在论坛致开幕词时作上述表示。
李家超表示,香港正走在复常的“快车道”。去年,香港在9月取消对入境旅客的酒店检疫措施,11月成功举办国际金融领袖投资峰会,香港对外开放的大门越开越大。今年1月8日,香港与中国内地恢复免检疫“通关”,旅客由内地来港无须在酒店隔离。这对商人、投资者、游客以及渴望与内地家人团聚的香港市民来说,意味着更多的便利。特区政府将继续以安全有序的方式推进尽快复常的目标。
李家超表示,2023年开局令人振奋,但特区政府不会自满。根据国际货币基金组织预测,2023年全球经济增长率只有2.7%,投资环境仍充满不确定性。作为一个小型、开放和自由的经济体,香港严重依赖对外贸易和投资,外部的不确定性将给香港短期经济前景带来压力。
李家超认为,尽管如此,香港经济仍未来可期。他说,在中央政府的关怀及支持下,香港作为连接中国内地和世界的国际金融中心这一优势将会不断扩大。不仅包括可以为公司和投资者提供的有利商业环境、与国际接轨的法规、资本和人员的自由流动,还包括粤港澳大湾区等香港不断融入国家发展大局所带来的大量机会,这是在“一国两制”原则下的独特优势。
他表示,在国家“十四五”规划明确的方向下,香港正积极提升国际金融中心实力。这不仅意味着香港作为全球离岸人民币中心以及国际资产管理和风险管理中心的地位得以提升,也包括香港与内地金融市场间的互联互通会继续扩大,对资本市场大有裨益。香港是企业上市的主要平台,过去一年中,特区政府不断使上市制度现代化,以抓住不断变化的全球金融格局带来的新机遇,也在更广泛的经济领域加速创新,推进金融科技发展。
农历兔年即将来到,李家超形容特区政府会“像兔子一样保持进取”,未来一年进行更多外访工作,讲好香港故事,告诉世界香港已经重返舞台。他相信在“一国两制”原则下,香港在金融服务、贸易物流、创新科技、文化及艺术领域将更加繁荣。(完)
(文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎)